Bladder cancer is a disease in which the human urinary bladder is severely affected. It is one of the most common types of cancer and affects thousands of men in the world. The urinary bladder of humans is a hollow organ that stores urine before micturition. It is lined by urothelial cells that mainly get affected during different types of bladder cancer. The urinary bladder is a muscular organ that can stretch and contract. Any abnormality in the tissues of the bladder causes difficulty in the normal process of urination. However, discomfort in urination might be an indication of various other diseases of the urogenital tract. The various types of bladder cancer generally affect men more than women. Although the disease is reported among older individuals, especially men near age 60, bladder cancer can affect children belonging to any age. 1. Causes The various types of bladder cancer are caused due to a number of factors, and these factors mainly cause mutations in the urogenital cells of the bladder. This results in the uncontrollable growth of the tissue. It is caused due to Substance abuse or exaggerated alcohol consumption. Prolonged exposure to tobacco or smoking. Extended exposure to harmful chemicals.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common hormonal complication among cats. While it may be possible to control the underlying conditions, not all cats respond to treatment properly. Also called feline diabetes, the number of cats developing this disorder is increasing rapidly. With diabetes mellitus, cats fail to produce adequate insulin to balance their blood glucose levels. If left untreated, it may lead to loss of appetite, weight loss, dehydration, vomiting, depression, poor motor functions, coma, and eventual death. 1. Types of diabetes affecting cats Diabetes mellitus in cats are of two types, both triggered by abnormal changes in the pancreas. Veterinary medicine recognizes two types of diabetes: Type 1 This type of diabetes mellitus occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin. It is more common in dogs. Hence, animals require life-long insulin support. Type 2 More common in cats, this type of diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin. If aggressive treatment is given, the condition can become transient, requiring only dietary changes with short-term insulin therapy. 2. Symptoms Common symptoms of diabetes mellitus in cats can include: Frequent urination due to the glucose drawing more water Increased thirst as the body tries to compensate for the excess loss of fluid Excessive hunger as the body believes it is starving Rapid weight loss because dietary sugar cannot be used due to lack of insulin In addition, cats may experience symptoms such as a lacklustre coat, severe weakness, frequent bladder infections, liver enlargement, vomiting, and sudden collapse.

Melanoma is considered the gravest type of skin cancer, which develops in the cells producing the pigment melanin. It can also occur in a person’s eyes and, occasionally, melanoma in the internal organs has been reported. If you observe any of the signs mentioned herein, you should consider getting a consultation for melanoma treatment. 1. Causes The exact cause of malignant melanoma is not known yet, but exposure to natural or man-made ultraviolet lights is considered as a key cause for this disease to occur in an individual. Successful melanoma treatment is conceivable if it is detected in the early stages. 2. Symptoms Melanoma can befall anywhere on an individual’s body, the riskiest parts being those exposed to harmful UV lights in some way or the other. Alternatively, it can occur in areas that do not receive the correct amount of sunlight. Such parts include soles of one’s feet and palms of the hand. The parts affected in the former case are legs, back, face, and arms. One of the foremost signs of a possibility of melanoma is the development of a new pigmented growth on one’s skin, which is relatively uncommon. In many cases, the main symptom of attaining this disease includes changes in an existing mole.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is complex and can impact the success and relationships of a child. The signs and symptoms vary from one child to another. They are not easily recognizable. 1. Some of the signs and symptoms of ADHD are: Self-focused behavior Interrupting often Emotional turmoil Difficulty waiting for their turn Fidgetiness Issues with playing quietly Insufficient focus Incomplete tasks ADHD is tough to identify as no test can give a definite diagnose. Inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity are some behavioral characteristics that most children exhibit at some point of time to a certain degree. Based on the intensity levels, learning disability, and psychological conditions, ADHD can be identified with consistent observation. Listed below are some ADHD myths that need to be debunked. By doing so, one can understand ADHD properly and help the child: 2. Consistent hyperactivity According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are three types of ADHD and two of them include symptoms of hyperactivity. Predominantly inattentive presentation Trouble organizing or paying attention to details or finishing up a task or following conversations and instructions, easily distracted or forgets everyday routine details. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation Too much fidgeting, talking, difficulty being still for long periods, usually jumping, running or climbing are common.

Breast cancer is one of the most common, yet devastating types of cancer to affect women. This type of cancer develops when cells in the breast divide and continue to grow abnormally. Although the growth of tumors is slow, it continues to affect millions of women across the world. However, it is also one of the most easily detectable and treatable types of cancer. The stages of breast cancer are marked based on the growth of the tumor and its progression. According to the National Breast Cancer Foundation, more than 246,660 women in the country are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. Out of these women, around 40,000 die due to this condition. Understanding breast cancer and its stages is an important factor as it helps determine the treatment and prognosis. Early diagnosis of breast cancer stages and prompt treatment ensures a good survival rate. 1. Types of breast cancer There are two types of breast cancer: in situ and invasive. The ductal carcinoma or in situ breast cancer occurs when carcinogenic cells grow inside the milk ducts. It is often considered precancerous until it invades the breast tissue. Once it invades the breast tissue, it is called invasive breast cancer.